Collaboration may take place in real-time or may be asynchronous. It may also unfold over a long time period. A guardian that supports asynchronous, non-colocated interactions can help collaborators interact across time and distance in ways that would otherwise be impossible. Improving documentation is an example of this.

Because octopuses don't live in groups, each individual octopus must develop survival strategies on its own, which scientists believe holds back the entire species. By improving documentation, practitioners can be better than the octopus in at least one way. Improving documentation helps define the community as one that supports the growth and learning of all members.

Work around uncontrollable (essentially random) failures by making multiple and hoping one succeeds.

In practices that require large theorectical overheads (e.g. electronics), challenging the mental model refers to having users for participate in hypothesis-testing. This is to prevent behaviors that aim to epistemically move all the parameters to "find the fit", without conceptually understanding why the parameters effect the outcome.

This guide refers to integrating a process in a design cycle that forces the user to reflect on the decisions that have been made or to pay special attention *before* the actual process, activation, reveal takes place.

Future-thinking refers to a design cycle that is predicated by an explicit planning step. The difference can be best captured by how users read assembly instructions or tutorials. Novice users might go step-by-step, however more experienced users will view the entire content to understand and plan for elements that were not covered in the tutorial.

A central pedagogical model of making is the master-apprentice model, whereby a skilled craftsperson or artist supervises an apprentice. The strength of this model is that ability to communicate tacit knowledge, or elements of a practice that are difficult to convey or transmit in words, and at the same time receive feedback for correcting ones' actions with tools and materials. The #train-the-body principle refers to providing feedback that captures the the evaluation metric of the practice.

Mythic thinking refers to a "way of thinking that connects events, not because that would give an insight, but because these events take place there immediately presented to the senses'" [1]. To promote mythic thinking, outfit that environment to have materials and tools at hand and not subscribe them to a specific process.

Bricolage practice refers to constructing from the materials available, the skill-set available, and the method of work.

Storing aspects of a creative practice in physically-realized tangible artifacts can both mitigate the experience of failure (by encouraging small test patches to build understanding of a process) and support future success (by storing successful combinations in accessible artifacts).

Make small experiments (or iterations) to explore different settings, styles, or methods, in preparation for a final piece.